Secure Copy (SCP) facilitates the secure transfer of computer files between a local and a remote host or between two remote hosts. It leverages the Secure Shell (SSH) protocol to ensure confidentiality and integrity during the file transfer process. For example, a user can employ SCP to retrieve a configuration file from a remote server to their local machine for analysis, or to copy a log file from a remote system for troubleshooting purposes.
This method of file retrieval is crucial for system administrators and developers who require secure and reliable data transfer. Its benefits include encryption of data in transit, authentication based on SSH keys or passwords, and protection against eavesdropping and tampering. Historically, SCP emerged as a secure alternative to older, less secure protocols like FTP, addressing the need for confidentiality in network communications. Its widespread adoption reflects its robustness and security features.